组胺对离体兔中枢和外周血管收缩作用的比较及其机理初探

Comparison of vasoconstrictive effect of histamine on the isolated rabbit central and peripheral arteries in vitro and its mechanism

目的 :比较组胺及其受体阻断药对离体家兔脑及外周血管的作用 ;并观察钙离子在组胺效应机制中的作用。方法 :取家兔基底动脉和肠系膜动脉 ,分别在不同剂量苯海拉明、西咪替丁和硝苯地平存在的情况下 ,观察组胺量效曲线的变化。结果 :组胺可引起基底动脉和肠系膜动脉收缩 ;苯海拉明可拮抗组胺的上述作用 ;西咪替丁小剂量时即可增强组胺所致的基底动脉的收缩 ,而大剂量时才对组胺引起的肠系膜动脉收缩有增强作用 ;硝苯地平对组胺引起的两种动脉的收缩都有抑制作用。结论 :组胺对离体家兔脑及外周血管均有收缩作用 ,这种缩血管作用主要通过Ca2 + 内流引起。同时 ,实验结果提示两种血管上组胺受体的分布密度有差别。

AIM: To compare the effects of histamine and its antagonists on tension of isolated rabbit basilar and mesenteric artery in vitro, and to observe the role of Ca 2+ in histamine induced response. METHODS: The dose response curves induced by histamine were recorded on the isolated rabbit central and peripheral arteries in different doses of diphenhydramine, cimitidine, and nifidipine. RESULTS: Histamine could cause contraction of basilar and mesenteric isolated arteries. Diphenhydramine and nifidipine antagonized these effects, while cimitidine enhanced this effect. CONCLUSION: There may be different receptors densities in different rabbit arteries; histamine shows the vasoconstrictive effect on both brain and mesenteric arteries; and the vasoconstrictive effect mainly produces via Ca 2+ inflax.