经营场所安全保障义务研究——基于最高人民法院公报判例的回顾

Research on Obligation for Security Guaranty in Business Sites——based on the review of precedents in the Gazette of the Supreme People's Court

2004年以前,《最高人民法院公报》所公布的有关安全保障义务的判例,既有基于合同法上的附随义务,也有基于侵权法上的法定保护义务而作出,还有基于公平责任而裁判,为最高人民法院的关于人身损害的司法解释奠定了实践的基础。2004年以后,公报所发布的判例则分别在经营场所、合理限度、保护对象、物的范围等方面针对司法实践中提出的新问题进行探索与具体界定。由此可见,判例在法律发展与变迁过程中具有重要的作用,而加强对判例的关注当为法学研究的重要内容。

In all the precedents about obligation for security guaranty published before 2004 in the Gazette of the Supreme People's Court,the court made judgments based on collateral obligation in the Contract Law, or legal obligation of protection in Torts,or equitable liability.These precedents constitute the basis of legal practice for the Supreme People's Court's judicial interpretation about the personal injury.The precedents after 2004 touched upon more new problems in legal practice,and made specific definitions in the respect of business site,reasonable limits, object of protection,range of property,etc.It can be seen that precedents play an important role in the development and change of law,and should be given close attention in the legal research.