外宾结构的性质与动—宾组合的及物性

The syntactic properties of outer objects and the transitivity of V-O complex

本文讨论外宾结构的句法、语义性质及其分类。以往的研究往往将取得义双宾结构和保留宾语结构都分析成外宾结构。本文从语义、句法角度去分析,结论是其中一部分并不是外宾结构,也不能笼统地划分为双宾结构,而应归入增元结构。外宾结构本身还可以分成外宾必现结构和外宾隐现结构。动词+内宾语组成的V-O可以充当谓语的核心,V-O及物性的高低可以用来区分外宾语结构。本文关于外宾结构的分析对论元结构以及把字句研究有一定的启示意义。

This paper investigates the semantic and syntactic properties of outer object and its classifications. Previous studies treat both get-type double object constructions and retained object constructions as outer object constructions. By a closer examination, this paper concludes that some of them are neither outer object nor double object constructions. They are actually applicative constructions. Outer object constructions can be further classified into obligatory and optional ones. Whether an ＂outer object＂ is an applicative, or an obligatory or optional outer object is closely correlated to the transitivity of complex verbs con- structed with the verb and the inner object. The discoveries about outer objects also shed light on the analyses of argument structure and the ba-construction.