南京市蟑螂密度监测及抗药性分析

Study on the density and insecticide resistance of cockroaches in Nanjing City

目的分析蟑螂群落特征分布情况及抗药性变化趋势。方法采用粘捕方法调查蟑螂分布,使用药膜法测定抗药性。结果南京市蟑螂主要有德国小蠊、美洲大蠊和黑胸大蠊,德国小蠊是绝对优势种,2014年构成比达98.4%;餐饮和农贸市场是蟑螂的主要孳生生境;蟑螂密度季节消长呈单峰或双峰走势,最高峰为2012年7月,密度为4.733只/张。蟑螂密度和侵害率年际分布均呈先上升后略有回落趋势,高峰均在2014年,蟑螂密度和侵害率分别为2.213只/张和32.454%;德国小蠊对高效氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯、吡虫啉、乙酰甲胺磷、毒死蜱和残杀威抗性倍数为12.16、12.46、19.47、4.22、5.48和1.04。结论近年来,蟑螂危害严重,德国小蠊为绝对优势种,孳生高峰在夏秋季,几乎全年活动;德国小蠊对高效氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯、吡虫啉产生高度抗性,对残杀威敏感。

Objective To analyze the density dynamics and insecticide resistance of cockroaches in Nanjing City.Methods The distribution of cockroach was investigated with cockroach paste method,and insecticide resistance of cockroaches was determined with drug film method.Results Cockroaches were mainly Blattella germanica,Periplaneta fuliginosa and Periplaneta americana.Blattella germanica was the dominant species and its proportion was98.4% in 2014.The highest cockroach densities occurred in catering services and famers markets.The density peak of cockroach appeared from July to September,and the highest density was 4.733 insects per sheet in July in 2012.The inter-annual distribution of cockroaches first increased slightly,followed a downward trend from 2011 to 2015,and the peak of cockroach density and infestation rate were 2.213 insects per sheet and 32.454% in 2014.The population of Blattella germanica evolved 12.16、12.46、19.47、4.22、5.48 and 1.04 folds resistance to betacypermethrin,deltamethrin,imidacloprid,acephate,chlorpyrifos and propoxur.Conclusion In recent years,the cockroaches have seriously infested.Blattella germanica was the dominant species.The density peaks appeared in summer and autumn.Blattella germanica population developed high resistance to beta-cypermethrin,deltamethrin and imidacloprid,low resistance to acephate.