中国古代司法制度之特点及其社会背景

The Characteristics of China's Ancient Judicial System and Its Social Background

中国古代司法制度是古代政治制度的重要组成部分,在古代社会背景下,形成了一系列鲜明的特点。主要有为君主专制服务,贵贱尊卑公开不平等,治吏监察发达,体现仁政德治、公正司法,重视和谐息讼,民事诉讼不够发达。因此,需要辩证地研究古代司法制度,传承和发扬优良的司法文明传统,批判和摒弃不文明的司法糟粕,为今天的中国特色社会主义司法制度建设提供镜鉴。

The ancient Chinese judicial system is an important part of the ancient political system. It obtained a series of distinct characteristics under the background of the ancient society. These characteristics include: serving the absolute monarchy; overt hierarchical difference; developed official supervision; promoting benevolent governance and impartial justice; emphasizing harmonious litigation, and underdeveloped civil litigation. Therefore, we need to explore the ancient judicial system dialectically, inheriting and promoting the fine judicial tradition while criticizing and abandoning the backward judicial dregs. The aim is to provide reference to today's construction of the socialist judicial system with Chinese characteristics.