临终癌症患者家属对护理服务需求的质性研究

Family members＇ needs for nursing services of terminal cancer patients： a qualitative research

目的 从临终癌症患者家属角度了解他们对护士护理服务需求的真实看法,为进一步制定策略,提升护士的临终护理质量提供依据.方法 采用质性研究中的现象学研究方法,通过半结构式访谈提纲深入访谈16名临终癌症患者的家属,使用Colaizzi分析法分析资料,提炼主题和副主题.结果 临终癌症患者家属对护理服务需求可归纳为4个主题：提高患者生存质量;为患者提供心理支持;维护患者的尊严及给予希望;满足患者家属的需求.结论 护士应提高临床操作技能,管理患者不适症状并保持其舒适.加强沟通交流,注重患者心理支持.结合我国的文化背景,给予患者精神支持及希望维护,协助患者及家属做好死亡准备.

 Objective To understand the needs for nursing services of terminal cancer patients from the perspective of patients＇ family members, for further development of strategy and providing a basis to improve the quality of terminal care. Methods Using the phenomenological approach of qualitative research, 16 family members of terminal cancer patients were interviewed with semi-structured interview outline. Colaizzi＇s analytical method was adopted to analyze the data, which were then organized into themes and sub-themes. Results The needs of the terminal cancer patients＇ families can be summarized into four subjects：to improve patients＇ quality of life, to offer psychological support, to maintain the terminal patients＇ hope and dignity, and to satisfy the needs of family members. Conclusions It is suggested that nurses should improve their clinical skills and symptom management skills to keep terminal patients comfortable. At the same time, nurses are supposed to enhance communication skills and focus on psychological support of patients. In addition, nurses should pay high attention to terminal cancer patients＇s piritual support and hope maintenance, helping patients and their families prepare for death in the Chinese traditional cultural context.