五种常用消毒剂对管角螺幼螺的急性毒性试验

Acute Toxicity of Five Conventional Drugs on Juvenile Hemifusustuba

在水温25-26℃、pH 7.8-8.4和盐度31的条件下,采用静水式试验,探讨强氯精、高锰酸钾、甲醛、二溴海因和聚维酮碘5种消毒药物对管角螺幼螺的急性毒性作用。结果表明,强氯精对管角螺幼螺24h、48h的LC_(50)分别为67.3mg/L和31.6mg/L,高锰酸钾24h、48h的LC_(50)分别为206mg/L和83.1mg/L,甲醛24h、48h的LC_(50)分别是87.0mg/L和54.9mg/L,二溴海因24h、48h的LC_(50)分别为302mg/L和231.2mg/L,聚维酮碘24h、48h的LC_(50)分别为3234mg/L和1472.3mg/L;其对管角螺幼螺的安全质量浓度分别为:2.09mg/L、3.90mg/L、6.56mg/L、40.65mg/L和91.54mg/L。这5种药物对管角螺幼螺的毒性大小依次为:强氯精>高锰酸钾>甲醛>二溴海因>聚维酮碘。

The acute toxicities of five common drugs to juvenile Hemifusus tuba was studied at water temperature of 25-26℃, pH 7.8～8.4 and salinity 31%0 by a static test method. It was found that the median-lethal concentrations （LDs0） of Trichloroisocyanuric acid （TCCA） was 67.3 mg/L in 24 h, 31.6 mg/Lin48 h. TheLD50 of KMnO4 was 206 mg/Lin24 h, 83.1 mg/Lin48 h. The LC50 of HCHO was 87 mg/Lin24 hand54.9 mg/Lin48 h. TheLC50 of MBDMH was 302 mg/Lin24 hand231.2 mg/L in 48 h. The LC50 of PVP-I was 3234 mg/L in 24 h and 1472.3 mg/L in 48 h. Safe concentration （SC） of five disinfectants are 2.09 mg/L, 3.90 mg/L, 6.56 mg/L, 40.65 mg/L and 91.54 rag/L, respectively. The result showed that the acute toxicity order of the five pesticides to juvenile H. tuba was ranged as TCCA〉KMnO4〉HCHO〉MBDMH〉PVP-I. It is recommended that KMnO4, HCHO and TCCA can be used carefully, while MBDMH and PVP-I are proposed to be ideal disinfectant in the breeding and disease control of H. tuba.