澳门、香港和广州老年活动中心≥55岁人群个人幸福指数及相关因素分析

Analysis of relationship between personal wellbeing index and related factors in the elderly aged 55 or above, who visit the day care centers in Macao, Hong Kong and Guangzhou

目的调查澳门、香港和广州老年活动中心55岁及以上人群的个人幸福指数，并分析相关因素。方法采用方便抽样，以澳门、香港及广州3个城市的16个老年活动中心为抽样地点。纳入标准：女性年龄55岁及以上，男性60岁及以上；意识清晰并能明白问卷含义，知情同意并签署知情同意书。最终共调查了324名。其中澳门90名，香港100名，广州134名。通过问卷调查人口学资料，采用“个人幸福指数量表f广东话版）”评价个人幸福指数。比较不同特征调查对象个人幸福指数，采用多元线性回归模型分析个人幸福指数的相关因素。结果调查对象个人幸福指数得分为（7．3±1．9）分，澳门、香港及广州调查对象分别为（7．7±1．9）、（7．2±1．7）、（7．0±1．9）分（F=3．32，P=0．037）。多元线性回归模型分析结果显示，相对于体育运动〈3次／周、单身／离婚／分居、文盲，体育运动≥4次／周、在婚，鳏寡、小学以上调查对象个人幸福指数13（95％CI）值分别为0．82f0．31～1．34）、1．03（0．12～1．94）、0．5l（0．04～0．99）。结论澳门、香港和广州老年活动中心的55岁及以上人群总个人幸福指数得分处于较高水平。婚姻状况，个人体育活动和受教育程度与个人幸福指数得分有关。

Objective To investigate the personal wellbeing index （PWI） among elderly aged 55 and above from the elderly day care centers in Macao, Hong Kong and Guangzhou, and associated factors. Methods We used convenient sampling to select participants from 16 elderly day care centers in Macao, Hong Kong and Guangzhou. Inclusion criteria were： females aged 55 or above, males 60 or above, the participants who were conscious and clearly understood the questionnaire. Informed consent form was signed by the participants. A total of 324 elderly participated in the study： 90 from Macao, 100 from Hong Kong, and 134 from Guangzhou. Close-end questionnaire was used to collect demographic information and PWI inventory （Cantonese version） was used to assess the PWI scores. Comparison in the PWI scores difference was conducted. Multiple regression method was used to analyze factors associated with PWI. Results The PWI was 7.3±1.9 （Macao： 7.7± 1.9, Hong Kong： 7.2± 1.7, Guangzhou： 7.0± 1.9） （F=3.32, P=0.037）. The multiple regression analysis showed that comparing to those who did exercised 3 times or less, or single/ devoiced/separated, or had no education, the elderly who did exercised 4 times or more per week or married/ widowed, or received education in primary school or above had higher PWI scores. The beta values （95%CI） were 0.82 （95% CI： 0.31-1.34）, 1.03 （95% CI： 0.12-1.94）, 0.51 （95% CI： 0.04-0.99） respectively. Conclusion The elderly participants aged 55 or above who went to elderly day care centers in three cities had higher PWI score generally. Marital status, participate in sufficient physical activity and advanced education level were significant related to PWI.