自组织理论下美国健康体适能教育的研究及其启示

Study and Implications of American Physical Fitness Education Based on Self-organization Theory

运用文献资料法和比较分析法等,以自组织理论的原理与机制为研究的切入点,对美国健康体适能教育进行深入分析。研究结果:美国健康体适能教育具有系统开放性、系统非衡性、系统非线性、系统涨落等自组织特性,并在实践中通过学习目标自我认同、学习过程自我调控、学习评价自我激励等做法验证了自组织规律,这些对我国开展中小学体育课程改革、创新体质健康教育具有深刻的借鉴意义。

On the basis of self-organization theory and mechanism,a detailed analysis of American fitness education is made by means of literature review and comparative analysis. It is found that American fitness education has the features of self-organization such as system openness,unevenness,nonlinearity and system fluctuation. Rules of self-organization are verified in the following aspects：self-identification is made through learning goals;self-regulation is made in the process of learning;self-motivation is made through evalution of learning. These findings are significantly valuable for the curriculum reform of physical education in our primary and middle schools and are inspiring for our innovation of physical health education.