近10年中国地区地形对降水影响研究进展

Overview of Impact of Topography on Precipitation in China over Last 10 Years

地形是影响降水的重要因子,其复杂性为研究降水的分布、强度等增加了难度,全面透彻地理解地形对降水的影响机制,有助于预警预报水平的提高。因此,地形对降水的影响研究受到广大气象学者的关注。本文通过回顾近10年来中国地区有关地形对降水的影响研究进展,简要概述了地形动、热力效应与云微物理过程对降水的影响机制,以数值模拟研究为主线,系统分析了中国各个地区关于地形作用的研究成果,重点讨论地形对局地中小尺度降水、锋面降水以及台风降水方面的影响,最后总结了目前的研究现状并提出一些需要深入研究的问题。

The impact of topography on precipitation plays a remarkable role in prediction of the distribution and intensity of precipitation.Taking into account the complexity of topography,the study on orographic precipitation is associated with the promoting of precipitation forecasting.Therefore,the investigations of orographic effects on precipitation give rise to extensive attention.By overviewing current researches on the orographic effects on precipitation during the past 10 years in China,the mechanisms of orographic dynamical effect and cloud microphysics are analyzed.Some core results about every region in China,which are based on numerical simulation,are outlined,emphasizing on mesoscale,frontal and tropical cyclone precipitation.Finally,the current research status and main issues needed to be further study are discussed.