福建省2010-2015年吸毒人群HCV感染及影响因素分析

HCV infection and related factors among drug users in Fujian province,2010-2015

目的了解福建省吸毒人群丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）感染情况及影响因素,为制定防治措施提供参考依据。方法 2010-2015年,每年对吸毒人群开展一次横断面调查。通过问卷调查和血清学检测,收集吸毒人群一般人口学、行为学和HCV感染状况进行分析。结果2010-2015年,共监测吸毒人群7 516人,HCV抗体总阳性率为41.6%。2010-2015年HCV抗体阳性率分别是45.1%、50.5%、46.7%、41.1%、34.0%和32.7%,不同年度之间吸毒人群HCV抗体阳性率呈下降趋势。注射吸毒的比例从65.6%下降至31.6%,共用注射器的比例从18.6%下降至11.0%,不同年度之间的注射吸毒和共用注射器的比例均呈下降趋势。多因素条件Logistic回归分析显示,来自美沙酮门诊、高年龄组、传统/混合毒品使用、注射吸毒和共用注射器是感染HCV的危险因素。结论福建省吸毒者监测哨点中HCV感染率仍处于较高水平,但感染率逐年有所下降。应持续在吸毒人群中开展HCV感染风险宣传教育,针对危险因素制定有效的干预措施,控制HCV在吸毒人群中传播和扩散。

Objective To explore the situation of HCV infection and related risk factors among drug users in Fujian province and provide the evidence for strategic development of HCV control and prevention.Methods Crosssectional surveys were carried out among drug users once a year during 2010-2015.Information on the general demography,behavior and HCV infection of drug users were collected and analyzed accordingly.Results 7516 drug users were recruited during 2010-2015,among which 41.6% was HCV antibody positive with the annual infection rates of 45.1%,50.5%,46.7%,41.1%,34.0% and 32.7%,decreasing statistically significant year by year.The proportion of drug injection and needle sharing decreased statistically significant as well,from 65.6% to 31.6% and 18.6% to 11.0%.Multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis indicated that the risk factors related to HCV infection included drug users from methadone maintenance clinic,older age group,traditional/synthetic drug use,drug injection and needle sharing.Conclusion Surveillance of drug users shows that HCV infection in Fujian is still at a higher level though it is decreasing significantly year by year.It is necessary to initiate the health education on risk of HCV infection among drug users consistently,and develop the effective intervention in accordance with the risk factors so as to curb HCV transmission among drug users.