成都某大专学校学生艾滋病防控生活技能现状及其影响因素

Current situation and influencing factors on life skills of AIDS prevention and control among college students in Chegndu

目的了解大专学生艾滋病（AIDS）防控生活技能的现状,探索艾滋病知识等因素对防控艾滋病生活技能的影响情况。方法采用分层整群抽样法,通过问卷对大专学生进行生活技能的调查。结果共调查998名学生,取得有效问卷944份。944人中,男生344人（36.44%）,女生600人（63.56%）;大一学生759人（80.40%）,大二学生185人（19.60%）;平均年龄（19.54±0.91）岁（17~23岁）。风险意识得分（69.79±9.41）分,协商能力得分（60.91±9.22）分,拒绝能力得分（65.55±12.63）分,求助能力得分（65.75±9.93）分。男生的协商能力（62.93±9.29）强于女生（59.75±8.98）（t=5.56,P〈0.05）,男生拒绝能力（58.60±9.61）弱于女生（69.53±12.44）（t=-14.06,P〈0.05）,大二学生的拒绝能力（71.22±17.66）强于大一学生（64.17±10.64）（t=-6.98,P〈0.05）。艾滋病防控生活技能的影响因素有艾滋病核心知识、艾滋病感染资讯、性别、参加集体活动（P〈0.05）。结论大学生艾滋病防控生活技能得分较低,要加强对学生艾滋病知识宣传,充分利用具有时效性和地域性的学生AIDS疫情信息,开展有性别、年级侧重点的生活技能培训。

Objective To learn the current situation on life skills of AIDS prevention and control and to explore influence of AIDS knowledge and other factors on life skills of AIDS prevention.Methods Stratified cluster sampling method was used to investigate the life skills of college students through questionnaires.Results 998 students were investigated and 944 valid questionnaires were collected,with 344（36.44%）males and 600（63.56%）females.The freshmen accounted for 759（80.40%）and sophomore for 185（19.60%）.The age of the students was between 17-23 years old with the average of 19.54±0.91.The scores of risk awareness,negotiation ability,refusal skills and ability to get help were 69.79±9.41,60.91±9.22,65.55±12.63 and 65.75±9.93 respectively.The negotiation ability of male students（62.93±9.29）was stronger than that of females（59.75±8.98）（t=5.56,P〈0.05）,but their refusal skills（58.60±9.61）were weaker（69.53±12.44）（t=-14.06,P〈0.05）.Sophomore students had stronger refusal ability（71.22±17.66）than freshmen（64.17±10.64）（t=-6.98,P〈0.05）.Life skills of AIDS prevention and control were affected by AIDS knowledge,related information,gender,and the group activities they took part in（P〈0.05）.Conclusion College students have low scores of life skills of AIDS prevention and control.We should strengthen the publicity of AIDS knowledge to students,make the best of the information related to HIV/AIDS epidemic among students,and carry out training of life skills targeted to different genders and grades of students.