HIV感染者B细胞的特点及其对疾病进展的影响

B-cell characteristics and its influence on disease progression in AIDS patients

艾滋病（AIDS）是由艾滋病病毒-1（HIV-1）感染后引起的一种严重危害人类健康的重大传染病。除了进行性的CD4＋T淋巴细胞减少,HIV-1感染还造成多种免疫细胞的功能改变,这些功能改变极大地影响艾滋病的疾病进展。B细胞是人体免疫系统中重要的免疫细胞,其不但能介导体液免疫,还是重要的免疫调节细胞。然而HIV-1感染会在多个方面造成B细胞的功能缺陷。文章分析了HIV-1感染对B细胞免疫超活化、B细胞亚群组成以及调节性B细胞的影响及这些影响与艾滋病疾病进展的关系。

Acquired immune deficiency syndrome（AIDS）caused by human immunodeficiency virus-1（HIV-1）is an infectious disease that leads to serious public health hazards.In addition to progressive depletion of CD4＋T cells,HIV-1 infection also causes dysfunction of multiple types of immune cells and leads to disease progression.As an important component of adaptive immunity,B cells not only contribute directly to humoral immunity through producing antibodies,but also actively take part in the immunomodulation through antigen presentation and secreting cytokines.Accumulative evidence shows that the function of B cells changes in many ways.This paper summarizes the characteristics of B cells including hyper-activation,subgroup and regulatory B cells changes during HIV-1 infection and analyzes the influence of these changes on AIDS disease progression.