基于DEA模型的中国马铃薯生产效率分析

Potato Production Efficiency in China Based on DEA Model

生产效率是生产能力提升的关键因素,分析马铃薯生产效率有助于促进马铃薯的生产发展。以中国15个马铃薯主产区为研究样本,基于2011—2015年露地马铃薯生产投入与产出数据,利用数据包络分析(DEA)模型分析了其马铃薯生产效率。研究结果表明:2011—2015年中国15个主产区马铃薯生产的综合效率、纯技术效率和规模效率的平均值分别为0.775、0.853和0.908,马铃薯生产效率整体上还未达到最优,在科技创新、生产管理、技术推广以及生产结构等方面仍需要改善和优化;黑龙江、青海和新疆3个主产区处于DEA完全有效状态,其他12个主产区在生产技术水平或者要素投入效率方面都具有提升空间。并从要素投入角度对除黑龙江、青海、新疆、山西和重庆之外的河北、辽宁、内蒙古等其余10个主产区提出了改善综合效率的调整策略。

Production efficiency is a key factor in the improvement of production capacity, and the analysis of production efficiency is of great importance to the development of potato production. Taking fifteen main producing regions of China＇s potato as the research sample, based on the input-output data of field potato production from 2011 to 2015, the authors analyzed their production efficiency of potato by DEA model. The research results were as follows： the average scores of total technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency of potato production were 0.775, 0.853 and 0.908 respectively in fifteen main producing regions of China during 2011-2015, which indicated that the production efficiency of potato hadn＇t yet been optimized as a whole, so these regions needed to reach constantly improvement and optimization of science and technology innovation, production management, technology extension and production structure; the production efficiency of potato in Heilongjiang, Qinghai and Xinjiang were completely effective, while other twelve main producing regions had to improve their production technology level or factor input efficiency. Lastly, from the perspective of factor input, the adjustment strategies for improving the total technical efficiency were proposed to Hebei, Liaoning, Inner Mongolia and so on, the rest ten main producing regions except for Heilongjiang, Qinghai, Xinjiang, Shanxi and Chongqing.