乏风利用技术应用现状及发展前景分析

Analysis of Application Status and Development Prospect of Ventilation Air Methane Utilization Technologies

通风瓦斯（乏风）所含甲烷占煤矿瓦斯甲烷总量的80%以上,随着环保压力的增大和能源短缺的加剧,全球科研机构和环保企业都非常重视乏风利用技术的发展。国内外有效的乏风利用技术一是作为辅助燃料利用,二是作为主燃料利用,而主燃料利用技术又可分为催化氧化技术和热逆流氧化技术两类,其中热逆流氧化技术应用广泛,趋于成熟。乏风作为助燃风使用容易引起主燃料燃烧不稳定,乏风浓缩提纯技术成本较高、经济性差。乏风催化氧化技术、乏风热泵技术工艺性、技术性先进,符合国家环保政策导向,具备很好的发展前景。乏风热逆流氧化技术应用最广,技术最为成熟和可靠,但需要继续优化改进才能获得更广阔的市场。目前除热逆流氧化技术外,煤矿乏风利用技术的应用,特别是工业化和商业化方面还处于试验性阶段。充分回收所含甲烷氧化反应放出的热量,实现煤矿瓦斯梯度治理和趋＂零＂排放,已经成为乏风利用技术研究和发展的必然趋势。

The methane contained in ventilation air methane（VAM） accounts for more than 80% of the total amount of methane in coal seam gas.With the increasing pressure of environmental protection and the intensi-fication of energy shortage,global scientific research institutions and environmental protection enterprises have attached great importance to the development of VAM utilization technologies.Effective domestic and foreign VAM utilization technologies use the VAM as auxiliary fuel and main fuel,and the main fuel utilization technology can be divided into catalytic oxidation and thermal flow-reversal oxidation.Thermal flow-reversal oxida-tion technology is widely used and matured.VAM easily leads to the combustion instability of main fuel if it is used as combustion air,and VAM concentration and purification technology has high cost and poor econo-my.VAM catalytic oxidation technology and VAM heat pump technology are advanced in technology and in line with national environmental protection policies,and have good development prospects.VAM flow-reversal oxidation technology,the most matured and reliable technology,has the widest application but needs continuous optimization and improvement to obtain a broader market.At present,the application of VAM utilization technologies,except for thermal flow-reversal oxidation technology,is still at an experimental stage especially in terms of industrialization and commercialization.Fully recovering the heat released from methane oxidation reac-tion to achieve the gradient control and zero emission of coal seam gas has become an inevitable trend of the research and development of VAM utilization technologies.