我国农机专业合作社功能审视和业务选择——来自四川的调查分析

Function examination and business choice of China agricultural machinery professional cooperatives survey:an investigation and analysis from Sichuan Province

农机专业合作社(以下简称农机专合社)是农民专业合作社重要组成部分,对推进农业机械化进程,促进农业内部分工发挥着重要作用。我国农机专合社发展正处于发展的初级阶段,还存在功能认识不清晰、经营边界不明确、制度建设不规范等问题。梳理农机专合社的功能定位,利用四川省48家样本合作社数据着重分析农机专合社"经营边界"的问题。研究表明:一是超过半数的农机专合社偏离"以农机社会化服务为主"的业务功能定位,演变为以农业生产经营为主的市场经济组织;二是服务的季节性特征带来有限的盈利空间是其业务扩展的根本动力,而定位模糊和监督制度的缺失提供了业务扩张的外部条件;三是要实现农机专合社与其它合作社的区别,必须坚持"以农机社会化服务为主"的业务功能定位。

Agricultural Machinery Cooperatives（hereinafter referred to as Agricultural Machinery Cooperatives）are an important part of farmer cooperatives and play an important role in promoting the process of agricultural mechanization and promoting the internal division of labor in agriculture.The development of agricultural cooperatives in our country is in the initial stage of development.There are still some problems such as unclear function,unclear operating boundary and system construction.This paper sorted out the functional orientation of agricultural cooperatives and analyzes the problem of＂operating boundaries＂of agricultural cooperatives based on the data of 48 sample cooperatives in Sichuan Province.The results showed that：first,more than half of the specialized agencies deviate from the functional orientation of＂socialized service for agricultural machines＂;they have evolved into market-oriented economic organizations mainly based on agricultural production and management;and second,seasonal features of services have brought The limited profit space is the fundamental driving force of its business expansion,and the lack of ambiguity and supervision system provide the external conditions for business expansion.The third is to realize the difference between agricultural specialized agencies and other cooperatives.We must adhere to the principle of＂Oriented＂business function positioning.