玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚里的拓扑学

Topology in Bose-Einstein Condensates

索利斯(David J Thouless)、霍尔丹(F Duncan M Haldane)和科斯特里兹(J Michael Kosterlitz)获得了2016年诺贝尔物理学奖,获奖主要是因为在拓扑相变和物质拓扑方面作出了开创性的工作.很多物理系统的一些重要性质和与拓扑结构直接相关的联系最近被人们发现,并且可以用拓扑不变量进行分类,从而解释一些之前物理学无法解释的难题.这个研究领域现在取得了非常大的进展,为了设计新系统,新材料我们可以从另外一个角度—拓扑角度来理解物理系统从而可以为量子计算机的实现提供帮助.本文将探究冷原子系统里的拓扑学.

David J Thouless, F Duncan M Haldane and J Michael Kosterlitz won the 2016 Nobel Prize in Physics. Prizes are primarily due to groundbreaking work on topological phase transitions and material topologies. Some of the important properties of many physical systems that are directly related to the topology have recently been discovered and can be classified using topological invariants to explain some of the problems previously un- explained by physics. In this area of research, great progress has now been made. In order to design new systems, and new materials, it allows us to understand the physical system from a different point of view, topologically, which can help in the realization of quantum computers. This article explores the topology in cold atomic systems.