矿业收益异动、资源依赖与科技创新挤出——基于中国省域面板数据的经验研究

The Unusual Change of Mining Revenue,Resource Dependency and the Crowding out Effect of Innovation: An Empirical Study Based on the Data of China's Provinces

科技创新挤出是"资源诅咒"的成因之一,文章以矿业收益异动为出发点,分析资源依赖强化对区域科技创新的挤出。矿产品价格上涨、资源发现带来矿业收益异动,强化了资源依赖,进而对科技创新产生挤出。从供给角度看,矿业收益异动直接挤出创新供给,资源依赖通过创新环境劣化、人才积累不足间接挤出创新供给;从需求角度看,采矿业规模扩张可以提升创新需求,但总体上资源依赖直接或通过"资源诅咒"间接挤出创新需求。利用中国省域层面面板数据验证了理论假说,同时发现资源依赖对创新效率的挤出甚于创新要素投入。提升资源型区域创新能力,文章建议:设立稳定基金与研发基金调控资源收益分配使用,防范部门间收益差距过大;通过产业转型摆脱资源依赖;改善区域创新环境,加强人力资本积累;加强科技创新协作、监管,提高创新效率;实施"资源诅咒"矫正策略,促进经济平稳可持续发展。

The crowding out of innovation is one of the causes of＂resource curse＂,based on the unusual change of mining revenue,the paper analyze the crowding out effect of innovation in the formation of resource dependence.Rising prices of mineral products,resource discovery brings the unusual change of mining revenue,strengthens the resource dependency,and innovation is crowded out.On the supply side,the increase of factor’s relative price of extractive industries and manufactures crowds out the supply of innovation directly,resource dependence crowds out the supply of innovation indirectly throw worsen the innovation environment and the accumulation of talents.On the demand side,the expansion of extractive industries would improve the demand of innovation in the formation of resource dependence,but resource dependence,directly or indirectly throw＂resource curse＂,crowds out the demand of innovation in general.The hypotheses are examined by panel data in China.At last,to improve the innovation capability in resource-based region,the paper suggests that：adjust resource revenue distribution,prevent the revenue gaps widening between industries;get rid of resource dependence by industrial transformation to avoid＂resource curse＂;use the resource revenue to improve region’s innovation environment;and increase the innovation efficiency in resource-based region.