美国雾霾防治技术创新政策经验借鉴及启示

Experience and Implications Drawn from US Technical Innovation Policies on Smog Prevention and Control

系统梳理了我国雾霾防治技术创新体系存在的问题——财政投入不足、人才激励力度不够、市场化程度不高、法律法规不完善、协同机制欠缺。整理归纳出美国雾霾防治技术创新政策的五大经验,分别为财政资金的大力支持、健全的人才激励机制、完善的大气污染防治技术创新市场、完备的技术创新法律体系,并形成了"官、产、学、军"联动机制。结合我国的实际情况,提出了优化我国雾霾防治技术创新政策的五点启示,即:加大雾霾防治公共财政资金的投入,建立雾霾防治技术创新人才激励的长效机制,加快雾霾防治技术研发的市场化建设,完善雾霾防治技术创新法律体系,构建"官、产、学、军"四位一体的联动机制。

The article reaped out a string of problems existing in our technical innovation system for smog prevention and control, including deficient financial investment, insufficient talent incentive, inadequate marketization, imperfect laws and regulations and lacking of coordination mechanism. This article came up with five major experience drawn from the United States, namely, strong financial support, sound incentive mechanism for talents, mature market for air pollution prevention, technical innovation, thorough legal system of this field and the cooperating mechanism of combining ＂government, market, college and military＂ together. Based on the real condition in China, this article put forward several proposes concerning the problems, inclusive of increasing public financial support, establishing long - term incentive mechanism for talents specialized in technical innovation, fastening marketization for technical research and development, perfecting the legal system of this field and setting up the cooperation mechanism of combining ＂government, market, college and military＂.