出水石质文物的风化腐蚀

Weathering Corrosion of Underwater Stone Relics

采用偏光显微镜、X射线荧光(XRF)、X射线衍射(XRD)对石质文物材质本体进行了研究,并对风化腐蚀现象进行了分析。结果表明:文物的材质由花岗岩、辉绿辉长岩和灰岩组成,内部含有大量的可溶性海洋盐类且遭受了几百年的海浪冲刷,是石质文物表面风化腐蚀的主要原因。提出采用超声波配合使用去离子水对石质文物进行脱盐,其脱盐效率最高。

The stone body of stone relics was analyzed with polarizing microscopy, X-ray fluorescent （XRF） and X- ray diffraction （XRD）, and the weathering corrosion was also studied. The results showed that the materials of stone relics were composed of granite, diabase gabbro and limestone. The main reason of weathering corrosion was that stone contained a large number of soluble marine salts and suffered scour by sea waves for several hundred years. Ultrasonic is the most effective way to desalt underwater stone relics with deionized water.