微藻生物柴油生命周期的能量平衡与碳平衡分析

Energy and carbon balances in microalgae biodiesel

微藻生物柴油是一种新型工业能源生产模式，其系统作为一个复杂的体系，构成、影响因素和评价指标较多。能量的消耗和产生，以及温室气体排放的多少（净碳排放量）是评价其可持续性的重要标准。该文模拟设计了一个微藻生物柴油综合炼厂，基于生命周期分析原理，建立了微藻生物柴油的能量及碳平衡分析方法，计算了微藻生物柴油生命周期的净能量盈余和净碳排放量，并对其影响因素进行了分析。研究结果表明：微藻生物柴油的整个生产加工过程中，整个系统的能量产出大干能量消耗，CO2的固定量也大于整个系统的CO2排放量。由此可以看出，微藻生物柴油是一种具有巨大的可持续发展潜力并且对环境友好的新型燃料。

Microalgae biodiesel is a complex industrial energy production method that is influenced by many factors including the complex composition. The energy consumption and generation ability and the amount of greenhouse gas emissions （net carbon emissions） are important criteria for assessing the system sustainability. A life cycle analysis of the energy and carbon balance of microalgae biodiesel were used to calculated the net energy surplus and net carbon emissions of biodiesel biofuel and the key factors influencing the energy production and carbon emissions. The results show that the energy output of the whole system is larger than the energy consumption during the production and processing of the microalgae biodiesel and that more CO2 is fixed than released over the life time. Thus, microalgae biodiesel is a new fuel that is sustainable and environmentally friendly.