面向作物产量和环境双赢的氮肥施用策略

Win-win Nitrogen Management Practices for Improving Crop Yield and Environmental Sustainability

我国是世界上最大的化学氮肥消耗国,总用量达到了全球总量的33%。但是氮肥的过量施用并没有带来持续的作物高产,反而造成了一系列的环境问题。文章综述了我国近30年来农田土壤氮素的收支和利用率情况,分析了我国农田土壤氮素的去向及其环境影响,重点论述了如何通过氮肥合理管理来实现粮食安全和环境可持续发展的双重目标。

China is the largest nitrogen （N） fertilizer-consuming country in the world, accounting for about 33% of world total. The overuse of N fertilizer has resulted in a cascade of environmental problems without a continuous increase in crop yield. This paper briefed the N budget and N use efficiency in the cropland of China from 1980 to 2010, analyzed various N losses and their associated environmental impacts with a special focus on the discussion about how to achieve the dual goal of food security and environmental sustainability by implementing knowledge-based N management practices