全面抗战爆发前上海民间防空建设初探

Civil Air Defense in Shanghai before the Comprehensive Anti-Japanese War

全面抗战爆发前,上海市各界针对"一·二八"战事中日军轰炸的惨痛教训,呼吁进行防空建设,并在南京国民政府指导下,开展了一系列民间防空建设事项,如建立防空组织、培养防空人才、开展防空宣传、制订防空计划、构建防空情报网络、规范防毒用品市场等,这些举措虽然运行滞碍,效果有限,但是作为近代以来上海民防事业的发端,它对以后上海民防建设具有开创性的引领作用,其历史价值值得肯定。

Before the nationwide resistance against Japanese aggression,and after the great casualty and damage caused by"January the 28th"air raid conducted by the Japanese army,the whole society in Shanghai began to promote air defense construction.Under the guidance of the Nanjing Government,a series of measures for civil air defense were carried out,such as establishing air defense organizations,developing air defense professionals,running air defense education campaigns,developing detailed plans for air defense,establishing intelligence networks,and regulating the market for gas defense.Although these measures were implemented not very smoothly and their effects were limited,as the starting of the civil air defense in modern Shanghai,they still set an pioneering example for later civil defense construction.Their historical value was worthy of affirmation.