北伐前后的校园政治与学生运动——以上海光华大学为中心

Campus Politics and Student Movement before and after the Northern Expedition: Centered on Shanghai Guanghua University

国民革命军北伐前夕,国内政治局势动荡不定。各党派为积蓄后备力量而争夺学生,大学校园不免首当其冲,成为各种政治势力、政治思潮竞争的场域。不过,在所谓"三党竞革"的角逐中,一般上海大学的校园内,势力强大的主要是国民党,共产党和青年党均处于弱势和边缘地位。针对各种政治势力的渗透,大学当局也多半积极整顿校园秩序,采取大力压制学生运动的政策,努力抵御政党势力和政治活动于校园之外。此种斗争,主要表现为国共两党与"大学同志会"之间的矛盾。随着国民党"清共"并取得政权,一般大学校政当局抵制国民党侵入大学、学生参与政治的努力最终告以失败。大学内外政治舆论喧嚣,学生运动愈演愈烈,构成了20世纪20年代末上海高校的校园生态。

On the eve of the northern expedition by the national revolutionary army,the domestic political situation was uncertain.All parties were vying students as their savings,and university campuses bore the brunt of it,becoming a competition field of political power and ideologies.Direct at various seepage of political forces,most university authorities improved campus order actively,suppressed the student movement strongly,tried to resist party power and political activities.This kind of struggle was mainly manifested as the parties contradiction between KMT and CCP and the"College Tongzhihui".However,with the KMT"Purge Communists"and took the political power,the efforts of the general university authorities resisted the KMT to invade universities and the students to participate in politics finally failed.In the late 1920s,the campus ecology of Shanghai colleges and universities was formed.