自然补风对舰船单开口舱室排烟的影响

Impact of natural supply on smoke exhaust of ship cabin with a single opening

为研究自然补风的补风口面积对舰船单开口舱室排烟效果的影响,在一个全尺寸的舰船单开口模拟舱室内,通过改变补风口上沿高度从而改变补风口面积,分别以舱室人眼高度处温度、烟气层高度、能见度及燃烧时间作为衡量排烟效果的标准进行了实验。实验结果表明:排烟能够显著降低舱室温度、提高舱室烟气层高度与恢复舱室能见度。当补风口面积较小时,补风速度较大,舱内烟气与新鲜空气掺混剧烈,油池燃烧速率增加,此时舱室降温效果更为明显,而烟气层稳定高度较低,能见度恢复较慢。

In order to study the impact of natural supply size on smoke exhaust in a ship cabin with a single opening, a full-scale experiment is conducted in a model ship ca-bin with a single opening. The natural supply size is changed by the upper height of supply opening. Temperature of eye height, height of smoke layer, visibility and burning time are regarded as judging parameters to the effect of smoke exhaust. Results show that the smoke exhaust can significantly reduce the temperature of ca-bin, increase the smoke layer height and restore the visibility of cabin. When the opening is small, supply air velocity is great, the smoke and fresh air mixes violently, the burning rate increases, the cooling effect of cabin is much obvious, the smoke layer height is low and stable, and the recovery of visibility is slow.