试论中国与东盟海上反恐刑事合作机制的构建

Developing the Criminal Justice Cooperation Mechanism of Countering Maritime Terrorism between China and South-East Asian Nations

2016年以来,东南亚海域的恐怖主义活动进入活跃期,并呈现出恐怖组织网络化发展与恐怖活动海盗化运作等趋势,对我国与东盟国家的海洋安全产生重大潜在威胁。海上恐怖主义犯罪的国际性特征决定了中国与东盟必须加强刑事合作以共同应对。中国与东盟之间强烈的政治意愿和已有合作框架为开展海上反恐刑事合作奠定了基础,但目前合作法律规范完备程度较低、部分国家合作动力不足、各国刑事法治水平差异较大等诸多因素也制约着合作的顺利实现。应从明确区域刑事合作原则、完善机制核心要素与健全我国国内立法等途径构建中国-东盟海上反恐专门刑事合作机制。

Since 2016,maritime terrorism in Southeast Asia has become highly active. There are two obvious trends of maritime terrorism which are tighter network of organizations and operation towards piracy.Maritime terrorism turns out to be a big threat to maritime security of China and Southeast Asian countries.All the parties need to strengthen criminal cooperation to cope with the threat. There are strong political wills and comprehensive cooperation framework for the parties to engage in countering maritime terrorism.But there are also adverse factors,such as the low degree of legal mechanism,insufficient motivation of cooperation and differences in domestic criminal legal systems. It is necessary to develop the special criminal justice cooperation mechanism with focuses on defining principles of cooperation,perfecting core elements and constructing criminal legislation.