协商民主嵌入村民自治:价值、挑战与对策

Deliberative Democracy Embedding Villagers Autonomy:Value,Predicament and Countermeasures

协商民主具有破解村民自治"四大民主要素"发展失衡,纠正村民自治中民主决策和民主管理主体错位,防止村民自治中村民享有的权利被悬置,克服实践中村民自治制度被异化,破解级差政治信任的结构性风险等重要价值。但协商民主嵌入村民自治也面临缺乏法律依据,乡村干部积极性不高,自治主体协商能力薄弱和政治冷漠,自治的制度环境变迁等挑战。解决这些难题需要加强党的领导,推动协商民主,国家要为村民自治提供法规保障,建立推进协商民主嵌入村民自治的组织工作制度,培育和提高村民的协商能力与热情,适应制度环境变迁,探索推进协商民主嵌入村民自治的适度单元。

The deliberative democracy is to break the unbalance of the development of the "four major democracies" in villagers autonomy,to correct Subject dislocation of democratic decision-making and management dislocation of the main body,to prevent the villagers autonomy rights suspended,to overcome the alienation in the practice of villager autonomy system,to crack the structural risk of differential political trust.But deliberative democracy is also facing difficulties in villagers autonomy,such as lack of legal basis,low enthusiasm of rural cadres,weak negotiation ability of self governing bodies,political indifference,institutional change of autonomy and so on.The solution to these problems is to strengthen the leadership of the Party to promote deliberative democracy,the government should provide legal guarantee for the villagers autonomy in deliberative democracy,to promote the establishment of organization system of deliberative democracy in villagers autonomy,cultivate and improve the ability to negotiate with the enthusiasm of the villagers,to adapt to the change of institutional environment to explore the implementation of deliberative democracy in villagers autonomy moderate unit.