烘焙对生物质热化学转化特性影响的研究进展

Progress in the Effect of Torrefaction on Thermochemical Properties of Biomass

生物质是可再生能源的重要组成部分,储量巨大,但其含水量高、能量密度和热值低等缺点致使其研磨难度大、存储运输不便,难以资源化利用。本文对烘焙预处理技术的过程及特点、能耗分析和较为理想的烘焙标准进行了简述;并重点阐述了烘焙对生物质燃烧、热解和气化特性影响的研究进展。经烘焙处理后的生物质在炉膛内可快速、稳定燃烧,炉内温度迅速升高,产生的烟气量减少;热解产生的生物质焦油中水和乙酸含量明显减少,苯酚含量增加,热值总体升高;气化合成气品质明显提升,能量密度增大,总气化效率显著提高。此外,对烘焙预处理技术在城市固体废弃物处理的应用进行了简要的概述,并对其在生物质和城市固体废弃物研究方向上进行了展望。

Biomass is one important part of renewable energy with huge reserves, but difficult to grind, store and transport, and utilize due to its high water content, low energy density and low calorific value. In this paper, the process and characteristics of torrefaction pretreatment technology, energy consumption analysis and the ideal torrefaction standards were briefly described. The research progress of torrefaction effect on biomass combustion, pyrolysis and gasification were highlighted. After the torrefaction process, the biomass can be burned quickly and stably in the furnace, the temperature rose rapidly and the flue gas volume reduced; the water and acetic acid content in the biomass tar dramatically decreased, the phenol content increased, and the overall calorific value increased. The synthesis gas quality was enhanced, and the energy density increased, the total gasification efficiency was significantly improved. Moreover, the research progress in pretreatment technology for torrefaction of urban solid waste was briefly discussed. A new prospect in the research direction of biomass and urban solid waste pretreatment technology for torrefaction was also presented.