循环水养殖净化装置设计及循环水量影响因素研究

Study on the design of purification device for recirculating aquaculture and the influence factors of circulating water flow

为解决水产养殖生产中存在水质不利的情况,利用气升泵原理,设计和制作了一套循环水养殖净化装置。该装置在提升水的同时,可以曝气充氧、去除二氧化氮(CO2)、避免曝气扰动养殖空间和沉淀空间,有利于节能和净化水质等。该装置结构简单、工作可靠,以风机为运动机械,提供循环动力和曝气充氧。为确定装置的循环水量特点和影响因素,通过改变曝气头的结构、曝气气量,对升水管管径等进行试验。结果表明,在淹没水深1.0 m、提升高度0.6 m、升水管管径为110 mm、空气流量5 m^3/h的条件下,选用曝气头直径32 mm、曝气头孔径3.2 mm和侧面开孔形式时,该装置最大循环水量可以达到9.5 m^3/h;较粗的升水管和较细的曝气头组合,效果较好;曝气头侧面开孔、孔径较大,对设备有较大的性能提升。

To solve the disadvantages of water quality in aquaculture production,a set of purification equipment for aquaculture was designed and made by using the air lift pump principle.The device can not only lift cycle water but also aerate,remove CO2,avoid turbulenting the culture space and precipitation space due to aeration,save energy and purify water quality. The device is simple in structure and reliable in work. Only the fan is a moving machine,which provides circulation power and aeration. The structure of the aerator head,aeration air volume and the diameter of the riser pipe in equipment was tested in order to determine the characteristics and influencing factors of the circulating water quantity. The test results has shown that,in the conditions of submerged depth of 1.0 m,lift height 0. 6 m,rise of pipe diameter 110 mm,the airflow 5 m^3/h,the aeration head diameter of 32 mm,aeration head aperture 3. 2 mm and side opening form,the circulating waterflow of device can reach up to 9.5 m^3/h.It is better of the combination of a thicker water inlet pipe and a small aerator head; The side opening and the larger aperture of aeration head can greatly improve the performance of the device.