合成气直接法制取低碳烯烃铁基催化体系研究进展

Research progress of iron-based catalyst for converting syngas directly to light olefins

合成气直接法制取低碳烯烃因具有原料易得、流程简单和能源效率高等优势,成为了目前合成气应用领域一个新的热门研究方向。直接法转化方式主要有经由费托合成反应直接制取低碳烯烃(FTO)路径和经由氧化物-分子筛(OX-ZEO)过程直接制取低碳烯烃的双功能催化路线。本文简述了合成气制取低碳烯烃的主要工艺流程,重点聚焦在近年来费托合成反应直接制取低碳烯烃过程中铁基催化体系的研究进展,主要讨论了通过费托合成反应制取低碳烯烃中的反应机理,以及活性相、助剂和载体等因素对铁基催化剂反应性能的影响。此外,指出了当前研究存在的高低碳烯烃选择性与高反应活性难以兼得,产物中甲烷选择性过高等不足之处并对合成气直接法制取低碳烯烃的发展方向进行了展望。

Direct conversion of syngas into light olefins has become a popular research field due to its available feedstock,simple process and high energy efficiency. Direct processes mainly include the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis to olefins（FTO） process and the OX-ZEO bifunctional catalyst process. This review summarized the research progress of iron-based catalysts in recent years with an emphasis on the mechanism of olefins synthesis,and the effects of active phase,promoters and support materials on the performances of iron-based catalysts. In addition,the problems in present researches such as ＂seesaw＂ effect of activity and selectivity,and high selectivity of CH4 were discussed. In the end,the outlook of future research was also pointed out.