用人工海水培养坛紫菜营养细胞的研究

Vegetative C6ll Cmlture from Porphyra haitanensis（Rhodophyta）in Artificial Seawater Media

用人工海水代替天然海水进行坛紫菜叶状体营养细胞培养试验，研究了不同配方及不同纯度ＮａＣｌ配制的人工海水的培养效果。结果表明，坛紫菜叶状体营养细胞能够在完全由无机盐组成的人工海水培养液中正常地分裂、发育与再生，在正常Ｃａ浓度下，细胞发育与再生的情况与在天然海水中完全一样，存活率也基本相似。配制人工海水时，可以用食用细盐代替分析纯ＮａＣｌ，培养效果没有明显差别；但用粗盐替代时细胞存活率降低。Ｃａ浓度显著影响单离细胞的存活率和发育情况，降低培养液Ｃａ浓度至标准海水的１／４时，细胞存活率明显降低，再生形成精子囊和丝状体的数量大大减少，其结果显著提高了细胞培养中叶状体的得率，但不增加正常苗的数量。本文的结果表明，用人工海水代替天然海水进行紫菜细胞和原生质体培养是完全可行的。文中讨论了用人工海水培养紫菜细胞的优点和意义。

篊ells and protoplasts are isolated by seasnail gut enzyme from the blade ofPorphyra haitanensis（Rhodophyta）and culture experiments are performed by means ofartificial seawater media（Asw）of different composition and NaCl sources， The main re-sults are as follows.（1）The cells and protoplasts isolated devided and regenerated to form thalli（withor without holdfast），callus—like cell—groups， Spermatangia and conchocelis（thin or-thick）in Asw are much the same as in natural seawater after several weeks~＇culture. Andthe similar survival rate of cells and the rate between thalli and conchocelis are observedduring the culture using natural seawater media and Asw—1 and Asw—2 in which Caconcentration are similar to standard seawater.（2）Experiments indicated that there are no notable negative effects using NaCl saltof industrial grade in place of the agent grade for Asw media. But the survival rate de-clined when the trace metal elements are left out.（3）Higher death rate of cells （protoplasts）and lower the rate between conchocelisand thalli regenerated are observed at Asw—3（Asp6）in which Ca tconcentration areabout 1／4 of standard seawater， It seems that the lower Ca concentration like Asp6 de-lays the mature of Porphyra cell and results in fewer spermatangia and conchocelis re-generated from the isolated cells.