口腔颌面外科住院患者术前血清感染性指标检测研究

Serological index for preoperative risk of infection of inpatients with oral and maxillofacial surgery

目的检测口腔颌面外科住院患者术前血清感染性指标,了解感染状况。方法对2009年1月至2016年12月,北京大学口腔医院住院的41 305例患者进行术前血清感染性指标检测。结果 41 305例患者术前血清感染指标阳性有2 061例,阳性检出率4.99%。乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)阳性率3.36%,丙型肝炎抗体(Anti-HCV)阳性率0.95%,梅毒血清特异性抗体(Anti-TP)阳性率0.67%,人类免疫缺陷病毒抗体(Anti-HIV)阳性率0.02%。不同性别HBsAg(χ~2=25.04,P<0.05);Anti-HIV(χ~2=5.95,P<0.05)阳性检出率差异均有统计学意义;不同年龄术前HBsAg(χ~2=15.36,P<0.05);AntiHCV(χ~2=39.20,P<0.05);Anti-TP(χ~2=91.86,P<0.05)阳性率差异均有统计学意义。结论口腔颌面外科住院患者术前血清感染性指标均存在一定阳性率,为了降低医源性感染,加强医务人员的职业防护,应广泛开展术前血清感染性指标的检测工作。

Objective To assess the preoperative risk of infection of patients with oral and maxillofacial surgery by testing blood for serological index of infection. Methods Blood samples were collected from41 305 patients hospitalized for oral and maxillofacial surgery in Peking University School of Stomatology from January2009 to December 2016 and serum was tested for serological index of infection before the surgery. ResultsOut of 41 305 blood samples,2 061 were found to be positive of infection with the overall positive rate of4.99%.The positive rates for HBsAg,Anti-CV,Anti-TP and Anti-HIV were 3.36%,0.95%,0.67% and0.02% respectively.The positive rates of HBsAg and Anti-HIV varied significantly between male and female patients（χ^2=25.04,5.95,P〈0.05）,and the differences of positive rates of HBsAg,Anti-HCV and AntiTP before surgery were statistically significant among patients in different age group（χ^2=15.36,39.20,91.86,P〈0.05）. Conclusions The preoperative positive rate of infection is relatively high among patients with oral and maxillofacial surgery.Therefore,it is very important to prevent the nosocomical infection partially by strengthening the self occupational protection of medical workers in hospital.