我国工矿废弃地复垦跟踪监测分类与方案确定研究

Classification and scheme determination of the reclamation monitoring of abandoned industrial and mining land in China

工矿废弃地复垦利用对改善生态环境、促进土地资源合理利用有重要意义。当前工矿废弃地复垦利用往往重工程恢复、轻生态环境治理,重实施过程、轻管护监测,重建的生态系统不稳定,土地可持续性差,复垦跟踪监测至关重要。本文在详细分析我国工矿废弃地复垦利用现状与问题的基础上,阐述了我国工矿废弃地复垦监测的内容、依据、原则、期限和频率;以科学跟踪监测为目标,根据复垦前后环境质量、数据是否齐全、是否集中连片等因素,提出了我国工矿废弃地复垦监测对象三级划分体系,包括2个监测一级类、4个监测二级类、8个监测三级类。基于该分类体系,结合监测时序变化,提出了工矿废弃地复垦动态监测方案确定的策略。以期为工矿废弃地复垦后管护与质量提升以及为制定工矿废弃地复垦跟踪监测技术标准提供科学依据。

The reclamation and utilization of industrial and mining wasteland plays an important role in improving the ecological environment and promoting the rational use of land resources.At present,the reclamation and utilization of abandoned industrial and mining land often pay attention to the project recovery,despise the ecological environment governance,pay attention to the implementation process,despise the management and protection monitoring,the reclamation of the ecosystem is unstable,the sustainability is poor,the reclamation tracking and monitoring is very important.Based on the detailed analysis of the present situation and problems of the reclamation and utilization of industrial and mining waste land in China,this paper expounds the principles,monitoring period and frequency of reclamation monitoring of abandoned industrial and mining land in China.According to the environmental quality,data integrity and concentration,the three-grade division system of abandoned land reclamation monitoring objects in China＇s industrial and mining wasteland was put forward,including 2 monitoring first class,4 monitoring class two,and 8 monitoring three levels.Based on the classification system,combined with monitoring time series changes,this paper puts forward the strategy of monitoring the dynamic monitoring scheme of reclamation ofabandoned industrial and mining land in China.It is expected to provide scientific basis for the management and quality improvement of abandoned industrial and mining wasteland in China,and for the establishment of technical standards for the tracking and monitoring of industrial and mining wasteland reclamation.