自理能力、老化态度对老年人幸福感的影响

The relationships among physical health,self-perception of aging and subjective well-being

目的考察自理能力、老化态度对老年人主观幸福感的影响。方法选取广州市社区≥65岁老年人333名,采用日常生活自理能力(ADL)量表、老化态度量表(AAQ)、费城老年中心信心量表(PGC)分别测量自理能力、老化态度和主观幸福感。结果自理能力、老化态度3个维度身体变化、心理社会丧失、心理获得均与幸福感显著相关(r=0.27~0.35,均P<0.01)。以自理能力预测主观幸福感回归模型极其显著(F(317,15)=3.70,P<0.001)。自理能力和老化态度共同预测主观幸福感的回归模型极其显著,F(314,18)=7.25,P<0.001。控制了多项人口学变量和自理能力的前提下,老化态度3个维度显著预测主观幸福感,其对主观幸福感预测的增值贡献为14.5%。结论自理能力、老化态度影响老年人的主观幸福感。

Objective To examine the relationships among physical health,self-perception of aging and subjective well-being among older adults.Methods The samples were consisted of individuals aged 65 and older（ n = 333） who completed a survey including ADL,AAQ and PGC. Hierarchal regression was used to test the effects of self-perception of aging and physical health. Results ADL had a significant negative influence on subjective well-being（ F = 3.70,P0. 001）. Self-perception of aging had a significant influence on subjective well-being（F= 7.25,P0. 001,ΔR2= 0. 145）. Conclusions The low physical health level,the negative self-perception of aging are indicators of vulnerability in older adults,pointing to a risk of developing unfavorable well-being.