浙江省2007—2014年大学生体质健康状况

Analysis on the trend and influencing factors of college students' physical fitness in Zhejiang Province during 2007-2014

目的了解浙江省2007—2014年大学生体质健康状况变化规律,为高校开展大学生健康促进干预工作提供依据。方法通过随机整群分层抽样法采集2007—2014年1 607 567名浙江省大学生数据,按照《国家学生体质健康标准》规定的各项目权重计算综合得分,对各测试项目的等级进行统计。结果 2007—2014年大学生体质健康水平呈现波浪形变化。2010年前后大学生体质健康水平略有回升,优秀率、良好率、及格率较前几年有所提高。2010—2014年大学生的柔韧(坐位体前屈)素质有下降趋势,学生肥胖率和超重检出率明显提升(超重率由3.3%增加到4.6%,肥胖率由5.1%增加到8.2%),肺活量体重指数、速度(50 m跑)、爆发力(立定跳远)和耐力(1 000 m/800 m)素质逐年向好。结论大学生体质健康状况并不乐观。大学生健康促进工作要形成学校、家庭及社区多元协同管理模式,以及构建"体教、体卫、教卫"融合协调发展的机制。

Objective To understand dynamic trend of physical fitness of college students in Zhejiang province during2007-2014. Methods A cluster stratified sample of 1 607 567 undergraduates from Zhejiang were investigated. Chinese National Survey on Students＇ Constitution and Health standard was used to calculate physical fitness indexes. Results College students in Zhejiang presents varied trend in physical fitness during the period of 2007 to 2014,with slight rebounding around 2010. Rates of excellent,good and passing improved compared with previous years. Flexibility（ sit-and-reach test） showed a downward trend. Overweight and obesity rate increased significantly. Vital capacity and body mass index,speed（ 50 m）,explosive power（ standing long jump） and endurance（ 1 000 m/800 m） performance were getting better by year. Conclusion Physical fitness among college students in Zhejiang province is not optimistic. Health promotion needs to be developed in a collaborative manner connecting college,family and community,as well as coordinated development of sports and education,health,education and health.