一种新的分子识别元件:核酸适配子

Oligonucleotide Aptamer:A New Tool for Molecular Recognition

核酸适配子是一类对靶分子有特异性识别与结合能力的单链寡核苷酸，可通过SEL—EX技术获得。和抗体相比，核酸适配子具有相对分子质量小、免疫原性低、体外容易修饰、合成简单、配体多样等优点，因此被广泛用于分析化学、医学、药学等领域。介绍了核酸适配子在生物传感器、靶向成像以及靶向给药方面的应用，拓展了分子识别章节的教学内容。

Aptamers are a class of single-stranded oligonucleotides with high specificity and affinity for their targets and can be obtained via SELEX technology. In contrast to antibodies, aptamers offer unique chemical and biological characteristics such as low molecular weight, im- munogenicity, modification, synthetic accessibility and ligand diversity, so they has been widely investigated in analyticat chemistry, medicine, pharmacy and other fields. We discuss the applica- tion of aptamer technology in biosensors, targeted imaging, and targeted delivery system and ex- pand the teaching content of molecular recognition.