重庆市主城区上班族对外出就餐食品安全问题的担忧状况调查

A Survey on the concern about food safety when dining out among office workers from the main districts of Chongqing

目的了解重庆市主城区部分上班族外出就餐时担忧的食品安全问题,为政府相关部门有效加强餐饮业监管及提供有针对性的食品安全教育提供参考。方法在重庆市主城区上班族较为集中的8个地点采用自制外出就餐问卷对上班族进行问卷调查。采用EpiData 3.02进行数据录入,并使用SPSS 17.0软件对数据进行描述统计分析、单因素分析和多元线性回归分析。结果调查对象外出就餐时担忧的食品安全问题按担忧人数比例从高到低依次为食物不新鲜(68.5%)、使用非食用油烹饪(63.5%)、食物中有异物(49.1%)、存在感染传染病风险(49.0%)、餐具未消毒(45.3%)、滥用食品添加剂(40.9%)、食物中毒(38.4%)、农兽药残留(37.3%)和食物有异味(27.2%),且女性对于食物中有异物、食物不新鲜、农兽药残留等问题的担忧人数比例高于男性(P<0.05),18~39岁调查对象对于食物中有异物、食物有异味和存在感染传染病风险这些问题的担忧人数比例高于40~60岁调查对象(P<0.05)。女性外出就餐问卷得分高于男性(P<0.05);18~39岁调查对象的问卷得分高于40~60岁调查对象(P<0.05);不同教育程度调查对象的问卷得分存在差异(P<0.05),且调查对象的教育程度越高,其外出就餐问卷的得分就越高。多元线性回归结果表明,调查对象外出就餐问卷得分受性别和受教育程度的影响(P<0.05)。结论重庆市主城区部分上班族外出就餐时,担忧的食品安全问题较多。政府相关部门应加强对餐饮业的监督管理,同时餐饮业也应该重视消费者所担忧的食品安全问题。此外,应加强对男性、中老年和受教育程度较低人群的食品安全教育,提高其食品安全意识,以降低其外出就餐时的食品安全风险。

Objective To describe the concern about food safety when dining out among office workers from the main districts of Chongqing,which may provide reference for more effective regulation and more specific food safety education.Methods Based on 8 sites located in the main districts of Chongqing where office workers could be easily found,we conducted a survey by using a self-designed questionnaire on food safety when dining out.Data entry was done with EpiData 3.02,and descriptive statistical analysis,univariate analysis,and multiple linear regression analysis were performed using SPSS 17.0.Results The main concerns about food safety when dining out included stale food（68.5%）,use of non-edible oil for cooking（63.5%）,presence of foreign bodies in the food（49.1%）,risk of developing infectious disease（49.0%）,unsterilized tableware（45.3%）,abuse of food additives（40.9%）,food poisoning（38.4%）,pesticide and veterinary drug residues（37.3%）,and smelly food（27.2%）.Compared with males,more females were concerned about the presence of foreign bodies in the food,stale food,and pesticide and veterinary drug residues（P0.05）.The proportions of interviewees who had concerns about the presence of foreign bodies in the food,smelly food,and risk of developing infectious disease in the 18-39 age group were significantly higher than those in the 40-60 age group（P0.05）.When answering the questionnaire,females scored higher than males（P0.05）;18 to 39-year-old interviewees scored higher than 40 to 60-year-old interviewees（P0.05）;and well-educated interviewees scored higher than poorly-educated interviewees（P0.05）.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the score of the dining out questionnaire varied significantly with gender and educational background（P0.05）.Conclusion Most office workers from the main districts of Chongqing had several concerns about food safety when dining out.Relevant government agencies should strengthen regulation of the catering industry,and meanwhile the catering industry should pay serious attention to these food safety concerns.Besides,it is also important to enhance food safety education among males,middle-aged and elderly people,as well as poorly-educated population,so as to improve their awareness of food safety and reduce the potential risk associated with food safety when dining out.