狂犬病病毒入胞途径的初步探索

Preliminary study of rabies virus endocytosis

狂犬病病毒（rabies virus,RABV）具有高度嗜神经性,通过识别细胞膜上特异性受体并借助内吞途径侵入细胞。为了探究其入胞途径,本研究在人神经瘤细胞（SH-SY5Y）和非洲绿猴肾上皮细胞（Vero）上,应用氯丙嗪（chlorpromazine）、制霉菌素（nystatin）、巴弗洛霉素a1（bafilomycin a1）、dynasore等抑制剂处理细胞后,进行RABV感染,通过检测病毒N基因拷贝数和RABV效价,对RABV入胞途径进行初步探究。结果显示,RABV通过网格蛋白介导、低pH值和发动蛋白（dynamin）依赖途径侵入SH-SY5Y和Vero细胞,但不通过小窝蛋白依赖途径入胞。这些结果为进一步研究狂犬病病毒感染机制和药物靶点研究提供了新的数据。

Rabies virus is a neurotropic pathogen that invades host cells by recognizing specific receptors on the cell membrane and internalization by endocytosis. To investigate the different pathways of RABV internalization,SH-SYSY and Vero cells were used and treated with several biochemical inhibitor,, such as chlorpromazine, nystatin, bafilomycin al and dynasore, and then were infected by RABV. The mRNA level of RABV N gene and viral titer in the cell culture supernatant were examined to evaluate infection and internalization of the virus. These data demonstrated that RABV internalized into SH-SY5Y and Vero cells through clathrin, dynamin, and pH-dependent manner but not caveolae dependent. This work extended new insights into the mechanisms of rabies virus infection and provided novel targets for antiviral drug development.