多点成形路径对1561铝合金成形质量影响

Influence of the multi-point forming path on the forming quality of 1561 aluminum alloy

1561铝合金是一种新型的舰船用高性能材料,目前对其冲压成形性能研究较少。基于1561铝合金材料的某近似鞍形船用外板开发,分析了产生起皱缺陷的原因,通过有限元计算对1561铝合金的成形过程进行仿真,并预测成形缺陷,使用变路径成形技术解决了大变形量成形件的起皱缺陷问题,改善了成形件质量。通过某船用外板的多点成形实验,验证了多道次成形解决1561铝合金成形件起皱问题的可行性,并通过三维扫描对成形件的精度进行了检测。结果表明,通过多道次成形可得到无起皱缺陷的1561铝合金零件,提高了成形质量。

There has been a little research so far on the stamping performance of 1561 alu- minum alloy, a new type of shipbuilding material with high-performance. The cause of wrin- kle defects was analyzed based on the development of saddle-like shell plates of 1561 alumi- num alloy. The forming process of the shell plate was simulated by the finite element method and the forming defect was predicted. The variable-path forming technology was used to re- duce wrinkle defects of forming parts with large deformation, thus improving their quality. Through the multi-point forming test of the shell plate, it is proved feasible to eliminate wrin- kle defects with the multi-pass forming technology. The accuracy of the forming parts was de- tected by 3D scanning. The result shows that no wrinkle defect exists in the 1561 aluminum alloy parts and that the forming quality gets better when the parts are produced with the multi-pass forming technology.