乳腺癌改良根治术后患者病耻感与应对方式、自尊的相关性研究

Correlation of stigma, coping style and self-esteem among patients after breast modified radicalmastectomy

目的调查乳腺癌改良根治术患者的病耻感情况，并分析其与应对方式及自尊的相关性。方法于2015年1月-2017年2月，采用便利抽样法选择186例乳腺癌改良根治术后患者，用自行设计的一般资料调查问卷、社会影响量表、医学应对问卷、自尊量表进行调查。用Pearson相关分析法探讨乳腺癌患者病耻感与应对方式及自尊的相关性，用多元线性回归分析病耻感的影响因素。结果乳腺癌患者术后病耻感得分为（61．04±11．99）分，处于巾等水平；病耻感与面对型应对、自尊呈负相关（r值分别为-0．421、-0．574；P〈0．05），与屈服和回避型应对呈正相关（r值分别为0．564、0．414；P〈0．05）。多元线性回归分析结果显示，年龄、屈服型应对方式是病耻感的影响因素（β值为0．291、0．263；P〈0．05）。结论乳腺癌患者术后病耻感处于中等水平，需引起重视，护理人员应鼓励患者积极地面对困难与挑战，更多地与他人进行交流，同时应更加关注青壮年患者的心理状态。

Objective To explore stigma in patients after breast modified radical mastectomy, and analyze the correlation of stigma with coping style and self-esteem. Methods From January 2015 to February 2017, totally 186 patients after breast modified radical mastectomy were selected by convenience sampling method and investigated by self-designed general demographic questionnaire, Social Impact Scale, Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire and Self-Esteem Scale. Pearson correlation analysis was used to investigate the ton＇elation of breast cancer patients＇ stigma with coping style and self-esteem, and multiple linear regression was adopted to analyze the influencing factors of stigma. Results Patients＇ stigma after surgery was （61.04 ± 11.99）, which was at a moderate level. The stigma was negatively correlated with confrontation and self-esteem （r= -0.421, -0.574; P 〈 0.05）, and positively correlated with resignation and avoidance （r=0.564, 0.414; P 〈 0.05）. The result of multiple linear regression showed that age and resigned coping style were the influencing factors of stigma （β=0.291,0.263; P 〈 0.05）. Conclusions The stigma of patients after breast modified radical mastectomy is at a moderate level, and should be paid attention. Nurses should encourage patients to face difficulties and challenges, and communicate with others actively. Besides, young adult patients should be taken into consideration.