简析奥特苏卡与帕菲特之间的三个争论

Sketching the Three Arguments Between Otsuka and Parfit

奥特苏卡与帕菲特之间的争论,某种意义上也代表着平等主义者与优先论者之间的争论。他们的争论主要围绕三个问题展开:1.关于理性偏好的争论;2.关于谨慎理由的争论;3.关于竞争性要求的争论。本文通过阐述二者之间的上述争论,展示平等主义者与优先论者在上述问题上的不同观点和主张,并对他们各自的观点进行简要评述,最终表明优先论并不能取代平等主义而成为分配正义的唯一指导原则。

The arguments between Otsuka and Parfit,in a sense also represents the argument between the egalitarian and the prioritarian. Their arguments mainly focus on three issues： 1,the argument about rational preferences; 2,the argument about prudent decision-making; 3,the argument about competitive demand. This paper describes the arguments between the two,show the egalitarian and prioritarian on the issues of the different views and ideas,and gives a brief comment on their views,finally indicated that as the guiding principle of distributive justice,egalitarianism is more reasonable than the priority view.