论孔子仁之“安”及其内生性现代转化

The "Arranging" of Confucius Benevolence and Its Immanent Modern Transformation

在《论语·宪问》中,孔子提出"修己以敬""修己以安人""修己以安百姓"的思想,它既是仁道展开的先后秩序、内在逻辑,也是仁道境界的体现。"修己"将"我"安立于仁,使"我"成为君子,进而以"安人""安百姓"。"安人"从"亲亲"始,最终达于没有血缘关系的他人,追求"四海之内,皆兄弟"的道德之境。"安百姓"是"安人"工夫的极致,是仁作为至德的必然要求。此三者为仁道展开的统一过程,构成仁之"安"的主要内容。其立足于自我之追求,又从道德层面纳入对他人之在的关切,将自我的安立与他人的安立有机结合起来,对弥补"个体本位"价值观的不足、推动当代社会道德建设具有鲜活的价值和意义。

In The Analects of Confucius,Confucius proposed thoughts of cultivating oneself to esteeming and cultivating oneself to arranging for others and arranging for people. It is not only the order and internal logic of benevolence,but also the performance of its different levels. Self-cultivation is the premise and foundation. Arranging for others is what Self-cultivation should do,which starts from parents to strangers,breaking barriers of blood relationship to the moral realm of ＂ all men on earth are human brothers＂. Arranging for people,due to benevolence as the supreme virtue requirement,is acme of both. The three parts are not isolated in the process of benevolence unfolding,but hold individuals,others and society unified. It provides great practical significance for us to solve modern problems and make up deficiency for individual-oriented values,promoting contemporary morality development.