雾霾亦可诱发水体富营养化

Induction of Haze to Eutrophication of Surface Water

近年来,我国水体富营养化现象较为严重,不仅影响人体健康,加剧水资源短缺,同时也给养殖业、旅游业等相关产业带来了巨大的经济损失。虽然政府投入大量财力、物力和人力进行了"综合"治理,但收效甚微,太湖、滇池、巢湖等湖泊蓝藻暴发现象频频。相关文献调研表明,大气环流对营养物循环作用不可忽视,特别是在雾霾等极端污染天气情况下。监测数据显示,无论是干沉降还是湿沉降(降雨),从大气进入地表水体的氮、磷负荷可能高于城市污水点源排放浓度。在地表水体富营养化还未得到有效控制的情况下,来自大气的"天然"营养物污染源会使得水体富营养化现象不断加剧。可见,根除水体富营养化不仅需要治理水污染,还需大力治理大气污染方可有效。

In recent years, the eutrophication in some surface water is serious in China, which not only affects peoples＇ health and exacerbate water shortage, but also brings huge economic loss to aqua- culture, tourism and other related fields. Although governments have put great efforts on manpower, ma- terials and finance to control eutrophication, the effect has been proven little, and the cyanobacteria＇ s blooming still occurs frequently in such famous lakes as Taihu Lake, Dianchi Lake and Chaohu Lake. The literature＇ s review indicates that the influence of atmospheric circulation on the nutrient cycle could not be ignored, especially under some extreme weather conditions like haze. Some detected data indicate that the loadings of nitrogen and phosphorus entering into surface water from atmosphere are even higher than those from wastewater discharge. Under the condition where eutrophication has not been fully con- trolled, the nutrients naturally contributed from atmosphere would make eutrophication even worse.Therefore, the effective extinguish of eutrophication requires simultaneous control of water pollution and air pollution.