中国反浪费法的法理基础和法律设计

The Jurisprudence and Institutional Structure of Anti-Waste Law in China

浪费是超出必要限度的个人消费,易导致有限社会资源的消耗和生态坏境的非可持续性发展,也与中华民族勤俭节约的优良传统背道而驰。当前我国缺乏针对浪费问题的具体立法,但是,古代的反浪费制度和节俭美德为我国反浪费法制定提供了文化和学理基础。同时,域外浪费人保佐、浪费人信托等制度也为我们提供了立法借鉴。当前,为发展循环经济,制定反浪费法势在必行,要对国有资产、食品、能源、公共资源甚至个人生活消费中的浪费问题进行构架设计。

Extravagance is spending more money than reasonable,which may lead to distruction of the natural resources and destroy the ecological environment,and also contrary to our traditional virtues of diligence and thrift.Yet,traditional anti-waste system and thrifty virtue offer us culture and theoretical basis. In addition,Prodigus Curatorship in civil law and Spendthrift Trust in common law provide us useful legislation reference.Regulation on waste should be imperative in order to develop circular economy. Then we should build legal system to resolve the waste problems which exist in government capital,food,energy source,public resource and even personal living consumption.