摘要
在森林-草原交错区阐明草本植物功能群随环境变化的响应及适宜分布格局,有利于揭示脆弱景观草本物种多样性的维持机制和制定保护策略。在对河北省塞罕坝保护区184个草本样方进行分层随机调查的基础上,按照光合作用途径进行了功能群的划分,并采用Climate AP气候模型和GIS空间分析技术生成了气候和地形因子20个,在此基础上,利用Max Ent模型进行了C_3和C_4功能群的潜在适宜分布模拟。结果表明,Max Ent模型预测精度较高,C_3、C_4受试者工作特征曲线下面积(AUC值)均超过0.8;在研究区C_3植物适宜分布较广,占研究区总面积的61.99%,而C_4植物分布相对分散,占研究区总面积的19.12%;影响C_3植物分布的主要环境因子包括:极端最高温、冬季平均降雪量、>5℃积温、年平均气温和最冷月均温,影响C_4植物分布的主要环境因子包括:极端最高温、>5℃积温、年平均气温、年均降水量和冬季平均降雪量等。结果表明在研究区C_3草本植物潜在适宜分布在冷凉湿润的环境中,而C_4草本植物则更适宜生长在高温及干燥的环境中。随着全球变暖的进一步加剧,C_4草本植物的适宜分布范围将会进一步增加。
Understanding the responses of herbaceous plant functional groups to environmental changes and their distribution pattern in a forest-steppe zone is helpful for clarifying the factors influencing different groups and for improving conservation strategies for herbaceous species diversity in the fragile landscape. A total of 184 sample plots (1 m× 1 m) were established and assessed using a stratified random sampling design in the Saihanba Nature Reserve, Hebei. Herbaceous plant species were divided into C3 and C4 functional groups. Twenty environment factors related to topography and climate were obtained from the ClimateAP (Climate Asia-Pacific) model and by utilizing GIS (Geographic Information System) spatial analysis techniques. The ecological niche model (MaxEnt) was adopted in predicting the potential distribution of both C3 and C4 plant functional groups. Our results showed that the area under the receiver operating characteristics curves (AUC) for the Ca and C4 were all over 0.8, indicating that the MaxEnt model had good predictive performance. The C3 functional group had a large potentially suitable distribution range, whereas the C4 functional group had a relatively small distribution in the study area, accounting for 61.99% and 19.12% of the total area, respectively. The main environmental factors affecting the distribution of C3 included: extreme maximum temperature, mean winter snow, degree-days above 5 ℃, mean annual temperature, and mean temperature of the coldest month. The main environmental factors affecting the distribution of C4 species included: extreme maximum temperature, degree-days above 5 ℃, mean annual temperature, mean annual precipitation, and mean winter snow. Accordingly, the results confirmed that C3 species potentially occurred in cooler and wetter conditions, whereas C4 species might tend to potentially occupy warmer and drier locations in the study area. The distribution range and area of C4 herbaceous species will probably increase in response to global climate warming.
出处
《草业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第3期24-32,共9页
Acta Prataculturae Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31370636)和林业公益性行业科研专项(20150430304)资助.
关键词
塞罕坝
环境因子
植物功能群
生态位模型
潜在分布
Saihanba
environment factors
plant functional group
ecological niche model
potential distribution