两种接种方式下角倍蚜虫瘿对寄主盐肤木枝叶生长的影响

Effects of Aphid Schlechtendalia chinensis Galls on the Foliage Growth of Host Rhus chinensis under Two Inoculation Methods

[目的]明确两种接种方式(自然迁飞和人工挂袋)下角倍蚜虫瘿的数量和分布及其对寄主盐肤木枝叶生长的影响。[方法]在自然迁飞和人工挂袋形成虫瘿的盐肤木林内,按随机区组设计设置样地,在样地内随机选取有虫瘿树和无虫瘿树,分别测量和统计盐肤木及虫瘿的生长指标,采用方差分析虫瘿对盐肤木生长的影响。[结果]在自然迁飞和人工挂袋两种接种方式下,盐肤木单株虫瘿数没有显著差异。但人工挂袋时,单片复叶的平均虫瘿总体积为170.92±14.85 cm^3、小叶总面积为616.26±32.73 cm^2,显著高于自然迁飞形成虫瘿的总体积85.82±9.40cm^3和小叶总面积482.81±28.51 cm^2。表明人工挂袋接种可以增加虫瘿的总体积,从而提高角倍产量;同时,较大体积的虫瘿还促进了盐肤木小叶的生长,使小叶面积增大。[结论]角倍蚜虫瘿对寄主盐肤木的枝叶生长具有促进作用,且这种生长促进与虫瘿的体积呈正相关。与自然迁飞接种相比,人工挂袋接种更能发挥盐肤木的生长和结倍潜力,提高角倍产量。

[Objective] Illustrating the aphid gall number and distribution of Schlechtendalia chinensis under two inoculation methods（ natural migration and artificial aphid bags） and their effects on the foliage growth of host Rhus chinensis. [Method]The sample sites and host plants were selected by random group setting in the fields which inoculated by natural migration and hanging aphid bags. The growth indexes and traits of the galls and their host trees were measured or counted. The host plant growths effected by aphid galls were analyzed using variance analysis.[Result]No significant difference was observed in the gall numbers per tree of the two inoculation methods. However,the average of total gall volume per compound leaf on the trees inoculated by aphid bags was 170. 92 ± 14. 85 cm^3 which was almost twice the average gall volume（ 85. 82 ± 9. 40 cm^3） on the trees inoculated by natural migra-tion,and the total area of leaflets per compound leaf on the trees inoculated by artificial pouch was 616. 26 ± 32. 73 cm^2 which was greater than the total area of leaflets（ 482. 81 ± 28. 51 cm^2） on the trees inoculated by natural migration. It was indicated that the total gall volume increased by inoculation of aphid bags,thereby increasing the yield.Moreover,greater galls may cause extra growths of the leaflets and increase the leaflet areas. [Conclusion]The aphid galls of S. chinensis promote foliage growth to its host plant R. chinensis. And this growth is positively correlated with the gall sizes. Compared to natural migration,the aphid bag inoculation may increase the gall yield and improve the potential ability of gall formation.