农村地区儿童监护人手足口病健康教育效果评价

Evaluation on effects of a health education program on the improvement of hand foot and mouth disease among guardians of children in rural areas

目的探索适合农村地区儿童监护人的手足口病(hand foot and mouth disease,HFMD)健康教育措施。方法根据地理位置在颍上县抽取4个乡镇,随机分为干预组、对照组,干预组采取同伴教育、发送短信、播放乡村广播、幼儿园播放视频、接种门诊播放视频综合健康教育方式,对照组不采取任何措施,通过比较HFMD知识知晓率、卫生习惯的差异及健康教育措施的可及性,评价健康教育措施的效果。结果干预组、对照组儿童监护人的知识知晓率分别为67.34%、45.86%,干预组、对照组的知识知晓率差异有统计学意义(X^2=494.478,P<0.001);干预组儿童监护人及儿童的卫生习惯均好于对照组(均有P<0.05);手机短信可及率为12.70%,可及率较低,同伴教育、播放乡村广播、幼儿园、接种门诊播放视频可及率较高。结论根据健康教育措施的效果、可及率及实施难度,播放乡村广播、幼儿园、接种门诊播放视频适合于农村地区儿童监护人HFMD知识的健康教育。

Objective To explore suitable hand foot and mouth disease （HFMD） health education program among guardians of children in rural areas. Methods According to the geographic location, 4 towns were chosen and randomly divided into intervention group and control group. Peer education, sending text message, broadcasting county radio, playing video in kindergarten and vaccination clinic were used in intervention group, no measure were used in control group. The effects of health education were evaluated by comparing HFMD knowledge rate, hygiene habits and accessibility of health education measures. Results The awareness rate of HFMD in intervention group and control group were 67. 34% and 45. 86% respectively, the difference was statistieally significant （ %2 = 494. 478,P 〈 0. 001 ）. The health habits of children＇ s guardians and children in intervention group were better than those in control group （ all P 〈 0. 05 ）. The accessibility rate of sending text message was 12. 70% which was lower than that of other health education measures. Conclusions According to the effect of health education measures, accessibility and difficulty of their application, broadcasting county radio, playing video in kindergarten and vaccination clinic were suitable health education measures for guardians of children in rural areas.