东汉洛阳的建筑灾异

A Discussion on the Portent Occurrence in Luoyang Buildings in the Later Han Dynasty

东汉洛阳的各类建筑,时有灾异发生,且在桓、灵时期进入频发期,这与当时愈形衰乱的政治环境密切相关。对于建筑灾异,灾异家往往以"空间"为线索,通过揭示建筑的职能与象征性对这些灾异加以解说,这以蔡邕关于平城门、武库的论说为其代表。发生于"殿之最尊者"德阳殿的灾异,则尤为史家所关注。尽管德阳殿承受着汉家的天命,但在具体的灾异咎责上,灾异承受者还是被确定为梁氏外戚等实际掌权者。对于光和年间的白衣人闯宫事件,应劭、刘昭等人为了迎合汉末急剧的政治变动而做出更为合理的解说,篡改了蔡邕、司马彪所记录的某些细节,灾异发生的地点这一核心要素,也由德阳门转变为中黄门寺曹腾家。

In the Later Han Dynasty,portents happened frequently in buildings,which was specially evident in Emperor Huan and Ling,in relation with the declining and disordered political environment.Using"space"as a clue,commentators typically interpreted those portents in vein of of the buildings'functions and symbolic features.A typical representation of which is Cai Yong's interpretation of Pingchengmen and Wuku.The portent occurred in Deyang Hall,"the Most Venerable Hall",has gained historians'particular attention in that Deyang Hall is the symbol of the emperor of Han Dynasty,but the persons charged with those portents were the real power-holders,who were usually the clan of the Consorts.Upon the event that a man cloaked in white intruded Deyang Hall in the reign of Guanghe,Ying Shao and Liu Zhao tampered the relevant records written by Cai Yong and Sima Biao in order to offer a more reasonable explanation for the drastic political changes in the later Han.Of which,the site where the event took place was changed from the gate of Deyang Hall to the house of Cao Teng in the office of Zhonghuangmen.