贵州民族建筑的历史解读

History Interpretation of Guizhou's Minority People's Architecture

贵州民族建筑极富区域特点和民族特色,它的外在之美多存在于形态,内在价值多存在于历史。它蕴藏的历史信息主要特点是:大型建筑与民族治理政权存在对应关系,村寨规模与民居精美程度同区域经济发展存在对应关系,保存较为完好的规模较大村寨与某些重要历史事件存在对应关系;民居形态深受蜀、湘、浙、徽等区域民居建筑的影响;民族村寨的选址映射着国家对少数民族的政策和少数民族的生存境况;规模较小又不在水道和驿道沿线的民族村寨的形成和发展也受历史事件的深刻影响;嵌入性的民族村寨是某些重大历史的"事件锁定";作为危时存身的山屯洞堡,与当地人杰存在密切关系。贵州民族建筑发展史有四个重要的时期。

The minority people＇s architecture is regionally and ethnically distinctive in Guizhou. It is beautiful externally for its shapes and internally charming for its historic values. In terms of history, it is a reflection of the relationship between big - scale buildings and ethnic governance, between village scale, building sophistication and regional economic development, and between well -preserved big villages and important historic events. The forms of folk residences were deeply affected by those of other provinces such as Sichuan, Hunan, Zhejiang and Anhui; the village sites were an indication of national policies for minority people and the minority people＇ s livelihood. It is argued that small villages with little access to waterways and roads were much related to historic events, mountains - locked villages were a display of historic events, and that mountain cave villages showed the then human survival conditions. Generally speaking there are four important stages in Guizhou＇ s minority people＇s architecture history