高昌回鹘植棉业及其在世界棉植史上的地位

Cotton Planting in Qocho Uighur Kingdom and Its Position in the History of the World

关于高昌回鹘时期的棉花种植,汉文史料记载甚少,幸吐鲁番出土回鹘文社会经济文书对此多有反映。棉花种植是高昌回鹘普通家庭的副业,在粮食作物之外,有余田有余力的家庭会种植以棉花为主的经济作物;棉花在高昌回鹘民间的借贷文书中也频频出现,人们还以之缴纳赋税。回鹘棉花为籽棉,随着回鹘人在中原的活动,逐步东传至内地,与岭南地区传来的木棉交汇于中原。

There are few Chinese historical records about cotton planting in Qocho Uighur Kingdom,but fortunately the situation was reflected in Turpan Uighur social and economic documents. Except for being served as food crops,cotton planting is the sideline for the Qocho Uighur Kingdom common family,and only those families who have spare land and labor force would grow cotton as their main economic crop.Cotton also appeared frequently in Gaochang Uighur folk lending documents,which also show people pay taxes with cotton.The cotton of Uighur, which is seed cotton,gradually spreads to the mainland eastward,and interchanges with the kapok in the central plains which comes from the south of the Five Ridges.